Hardware wallet

A hardware wallet is a small physical device that stores the private keys for your crypto offline and signs transactions inside the device, so your keys never touch an internet-connected computer or phone. Well-known makers include Ledger, Trezor, Coldcard, BitBox and Keystone.

When you send crypto, the wallet app on your computer or phone prepares the transaction, the hardware device displays the details on its own screen, and you confirm with a physical button. Even if your computer has malware, it cannot steal the keys, though it may try to trick you into approving a bad transaction, so always check the address on the device screen.

During setup, the device generates a seed phrase, usually 12 or 24 words, that can restore your funds if the device is lost or broken. Write it on paper or metal and keep it offline. Buy only from the manufacturer or authorised resellers, never second-hand, and never type your seed phrase into a website or app.